特殊疑问句和翻译疑问句本文简介：疑问句一．特殊疑问句1.特殊疑问句的构成：“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序“Howoldareyou?WhatsthisinEnglish?如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，这时的特殊疑问句：“特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句语序“。如：Whosnotheretoday?Whichpenisred?Myfath
特殊疑问句和翻译疑问句本文内容：
疑问句
一．特殊疑问句
1.
特殊疑问句的构成：“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序“How
old
are
you?
What
s
this
in
English?
如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，这时的特殊疑问句：
“特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句语序“。如：Who
s
not
here
today?
Which
pen
is
red?
My
father
is
an
engineer.---_____________________________?
Mr.
Zhang
is
going
to
teach
us
physics.---_______________________________?
2.
无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which
和
what
所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：
Which
girls
do
you
like
best?
你喜欢哪几个姑娘？
What
girls
do
you
like
best?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘？
Which
do
you
prefer,coffee
or
tea?
咖啡和茶，你喜欢喝哪种？
What
do
you
usually
drink
before
dinner?
你饭前通常喝什么？
3.
Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom,例如：
Who(m)
did
you
meet
on
the
street?你在街上遇到了谁？
Who(m)
are
you
taking
the
book
to?你要把这书带给谁？
To
whom
did
you
speak
on
the
campus?你在校园里和谁讲话了？
4.
各种问句
1）询问天气。“How
+be
+the
weather.？”与“What
+be
+the
weather
like.？”
今天天气如何？_______________________?
=____________________________?
2)
对具体时间提出疑问，如
in
the
morning,last
Sunday等，疑问词用________；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用__________。
We
have
dinner
at
7
O’
clock.---__________________________________?
Last
week,we
went
to
the
zoo.---_______________________________?
3)
对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用_________。
The
pupils
are
having
a
picnic
at
the
foot
of
the
hill.
（划线提问）
_____
_____
the
pupils
having
a
picnic?
4)
对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用______。
Xiao
Cheng
didn
t
go
to
the
farm
with
us
because
he
was
ill.
（划线提问）
_______
_____
Xiao
Cheng
go
to
the
farm
with
us?
5)
对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词_______。
I
usually
go
to
school
by
bike.---________________________________
6)询问你觉得…怎么样,可用
“How.
like.？”与“What.
think
of.？
你觉得这部电影怎么样？
________________________________________?
=_________________________________________?
7)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How
many，要注意how
many必须跟名词的复数形式。How
much跟不可数名词。
_____________
books
do
you
have?
____________
milk
do
you
need?
8)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How
much。
I
paid
fifty
yuan
for
the
sweater.
______
______
did
you
pay
for
the
sweater?
询问价格。“How
much.？”或“How
much.
cost?”与“What
s
the
price
of.？”
How
much
is
the
computer?
=
How
much
does
the
computer
cost?
=
What
s
the
price
of
the
computer?
这台电脑的价格是多少？
9)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How
long。
I
ve
worked
in
that
factory
for
two
years.
（划线提问）
______
_____
_______
you
worked
in
that
factory?
10)
重量、长度、高度、宽度、深度、速度、面积等。“How
+
形容词
+.？”与“What
s
the
+
名词
+
of
.？”意思相同。例如：
How
heavy
is
that
basket
of
apples?
=
What
s
the
weight
of
that
basket
of
apples?
注意：与what
句式转换时，how
后的形容词heavy,wide,high,tall,deep,long,fast,large等，须分别转换成对应的名词：weight,width,height,depth,length,speed,size等。其中How
tall
are
you?与What
s
your
height?
11)对时间频率，如
once
a
year,twice
a
week等提问，疑问词用How
often。
How
often
do
u
visit
your
grandma?
12)对具体次数，如
once,twice,three
times等提问，疑问词用How
many
times。
---______
did
he
call
you
the
day
before
yesterday?
----Twice.
A.What
time
B.How
many
times
C.How
much
D.How
long
13)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How
soon。
Jane
and
her
brother
will
finish
the
work
in
two
hours.
（划线提问）
_____
_____
_____
Jane
and
her
brother
finish
the
work?
14)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How
far。
It
s
about
two
kilometres
from
here
to
the
country.（划线提问）
______
_____
_____
_____
from
here
to
the
country?
15)另外，对日期、星期等提出疑问，则分别用
What
s
the
date?
What
day
is
it
?
16)
对人口的提问,What
s
the
population
of
Germany?德国的人口有多少？population
表示“人口”是一集体名词，have
population
of
表示“有多少人口”。例如：
Our
village
has
population
of
two
hundred
of
people.
What
s
the
population
of.？”
What
s
the
population
of
the
world?
=
注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。(疑问句表示请求,建议时应用some.不是any)另外.
在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
二．反义疑问句
1.结构
a.
陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
可记为
前肯后否
b．陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
可记为
前否后肯
They
work
hard,______
they?
She
was
ill
yesterday,_________
she?
You
didn’t
go,________
you?
He
can’t
ride
a
bike,__________he?
He
is
a
student,____________
he?
Lucy
skates
very
well,_________
she?
You
don’t
like
the
man,__________
you?
2.
主语部分
a.附加疑问句中主语一般和句子主语一致，用主格。
b.
当陈述部分的主语是不定代词
(
1
)everyone,everybody,somebody,anybody,no
one,nobody
主语可用he或they
Everyone
is
in
the
classroom,aren’t
they/he?
Nobody
will
go,will
they/he?
(2)everything,anything,nothing,something时，附加疑问句中主语一般用
it.
Something
is
wrong
with
your
computer,isn’t
it?
（3）this,that,或those,these时，附加疑问句中主语用it和they.
This
is
a
beautiful
picture,isn’t
it?
Those
aren’t
apple
trees,are
they?
3.
特殊句型的反义疑问句
1）
当陈述部分有never，seldom,hardly，few，little，barely,scarcely,nothing
等否定意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：
The
old
man
made
no
answer,did
he?
There
are
few
apples
in
the
basket,are
there?
Jim
is
never
late
for
school,is
he?
He
can
hardly
swim,can
he?
They
seldom
come
late,do
they?
2）.
陈述部分I
am时，疑问部分要用
aren
t
I.
I
m
as
tall
as
your
sister，aren
t
I?
3）.
陈述部分有have
to
+v.
(had
to
+
v.)，疑问部分常用don
t
+主语（didn
t
+主语）。
We
have
to
get
there
at
eight
tomorrow,don
t
we?
4）
陈述部分的谓语是used
to
时，疑问部分用didn
t
+主语或
usedn
t
+主语。
He
used
to
take
pictures
there,didn
t
he?
/
usedn
t
he?
5）.
陈述部分有had
better（最好）
+
v.
疑问句部分用hadn
t
you?
You
d
better
read
it
by
yourself,hadn
t
you?
6）.
陈述部分有would
rather（宁可、宁愿）
+v.，疑问部分多用
wouldn
t
+主语。
He
would
rather
read
it
ten
times
than
recite
it,wouldn
t
he?
7）
陈述部分有You
d
like
to
+v.
疑问部分用wouldn
t
+主语。
You
d
like
to
go
with
me,wouldn
t
you?
8)
省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will
you。
Don
t
do
that
again,will
you?
Go
with
me,will
you
/
won
t
you?
Listen
to
me
carefully,will
you?
Don’t
play
with
fire,will
you?
9)
Let
s
开头的祈使句，后用shall
we（或用shan
t
we)
?
而Let
us
开头的祈使句，后用will
you（或won
t
you）?
Let
s
go
and
listen
to
the
music,shall
we?
Let
us
wait
for
you
in
the
reading-room,will
you
?
10)
陈述部分是“there
be“结构的，疑问部分用there。
There
is
something
wrong
with
your
watch,isn
t
there?
There
will
not
be
any
trouble,will
there?
There
are
some
apples
in
the
basket,aren
t
there?
There
isn
t
any
milk
left,is
there?
4.
含有think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect等动词后接宾语从句
(1.)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如：
I
expect
our
English
teacher
will
be
back
this
weekend,won
t
she/he?
We
suppose
you
have
finished
the
project,haven
t
you?
值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如：
I
don
t
believe
that
he
can
translate
this
book,can
he?
We
don
t
imagine
the
twins
have
arrived,have
they?
(2).当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关.）。例如：
Your
sister
supposes
she
needs
no
help,doesn
t
she?
You
thought
they
could
have
completed
the
project,didn
t
you?
They
don
t
believe
she
s
an
engineer,do
they?
She
doesn
t
expect
that
we
are
coming
so
soon,does
she?
三、练习
一根据句意，请从方框中选出合适的特殊疑问词来完成句子。
What
how
when
where
whose
which
why
1.
I
have
two
apples,__________one
do
you
like
better?
2.
—__________
do
you
go
to
school
every
day
?
—On
foot
.
3.
—___________did
you
go
last
night
?
—I
went
to
the
cinema.
4.
—___________do
you
get
up
so
early?
—
Because
I
want
to
do
morning
exercises
5.
—__________can
I
do
for
you
?
—I
would
like
a
pencil.
6.
—__________shirt
is
this
?
—Maybe
it’s
Lily
s.
7.
—__________did
you
go
to
bed
last
night
?
—At
about
11:00.
8.
—__________
do
you
want
to
buy
for
your
mother?
—
A
sweater.
二根据汉语提示，将句子所缺部分写完整，每空一词。
1.
_______
_______is
your
teacher?
I
don’t
know.
(多高)
2.
_______
_______
is
the
picture
on
the
wall?
It’s
red.
（什么颜色）
3.
_______
_______
do
you
get
up
every
day?
At
6:30.
（几点）
4.
_______
_______
books
do
you
have?
Fifteen.（多少）
5.
_______
_______are
you
in?
I’m
in
Class
3,Grade
8.
（几班）
6.
_______
_______dose
she
take
a
shower?
Twice
a
week.
（多久一次）
7.
_______
_______will
you
stay
here?
For
seven
days.
（多长时间）
8.
_______
_______is
the
T-shirt?
It’s
50
yuan.
（多少钱）
三
根据A句的意思,向A
句的划线部分提问，完成B
句。
1.
A.
She
often
goes
to
work
by
bike
every
day.
B.
_______
_______
she
often
_______
to
work
every
day?
2.
A.
The
blue
T-shirt
is
Bill’s.
B.
_______
_______
the
blue
T-shirt?
3.
A.
My
father
will
go
to
Kunming
next
week.
B.
_______
_______
your
father
goes
to
Kunming?
4.
A.
His
brother
is
about
five
years
old.
B.
_______
_______
is
his
brother?
5.
A.
They
went
to
the
park
yesterday
afternoon.
B.
_______
_______
they
_______
yesterday
afternoon?
四
就画线部分提问
1.He
is
my
father.
2.They
are
under
the
tree.
3.I
often
watch
TV
after
dinner.
4.Lily
swims
in
the
swimming
pool.
5.Superman
flies
in
the
sky.
6.I
often
brush
my
teeth
in
the
evening.
7.Alan
likes
to
play
with
Bill.
8.Joe
s
father
plays
badminton
every
weekend.
9.The
supermarket
is
near
the
school.
10.The
laptop(笔记本电脑)
is
on
the
table.
11.Jennifer
has
a
pair
of
earrings(耳环).
12.The
flowers
are
in
the
flower
pot(花盆).
13.My
grandpa
took
us
to
the
zoo.
14.I
put
the
gold
fish(金鱼)
into
the
fish
tank(鱼缸).
15.The
monkey
sleeps
at
night.
五选择填空
（
）1.
Don’t
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water,_______?
A.
shall
we
B.
will
you
C.
won’t
you
D.
do
you
（
）2.
There
is
little
juice
in
the
glass,_________?
A.
is
there
B.
isn’t
there
C.
is
it
（
）3.
---He’s
seldom
late
for
school,___________?
---No.
He
is
used
to
going
to
school
early.
A.
isn’t
he
B.
has
heC.
hasn’t
he
D.
is
he
（
）4.---This
bus
is
always
late,_________?
---Sure,it
is.
A.
is
not
it
B.
isn’t
it
C.
isn’t
the
bus
D.
doesn’t
it
（
）5.---You’re
new
here,________?
----Yes,I’m
from
Dujiangyan.
I
came
here
last
week.
A.
do
you
B.
don’t
you
C.
are
you
D.
aren’t
you
（
）6.
You
used
to
be
outgoing,?
A.
do
you
B.
don’t
you
C.
didn’t
you
D.
did
you
（
）7.
He
has
never
watched
such
an
important
match,_____
he?
A.
hasn
t
B.
has
C.
is
D.
isn
t
（
）8.They
have
to
work
at
once,______
they?
A.
have
B.
haven
t
C.
do
D.
don
t
（
）9.
She
often
feels
tired,______
she?
A.
doesn
t
B.
does
C.
is
D.
isn
t
（
）10.
Let
s
take
a
short
rest,______?
A.
do
we
B.
aren
t
we
C.
will
you
D.
shall
we
（
）11.
Hundreds
of
people
lost
their
lives
in
the
accident,_______
they?
A.
don
t
B.
didn
t
C.
do
D.
did
（
）12.
---Lily
didn
t
come
to
school,did
she?
---____.
She
was
ill
in
bed.
A.
No,she
did
B.
Yes,she
did.
C.
No,she
didn
t.
D.
Yes,she
didn
t
（
）13.---She
isn
t
a
teacher,is
she?
---_____.
She
works
in
a
hospital.
A.
No,she
is
B.
Yes,she
is.
C.
No,she
isn
t.
D.
Yes,she
isn
t
（
）14.Lily
looks
like
Lucy,_______?
A.
is
Lily
B.
isn
t
she
C.
does
Lilly
D.
doesn
t
she
（
）15.Tom
often
has
lunch
at
school,_____?
A.
doesn
t
Tom
B.
doesn
t
he
C.
does
Tom
D.
doesn
t
he
